HTML:
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, it is not a programming language, it is a markup language. A markup language is basically a set of mark up tags, which means they descirbe how the text should be displayed.
HTML tags are keywords surrounded by brackets <html>, HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> & </b>
The first tag in a pair is the start and the second is the end, these tags are NOT case-sensitive, they can be written in lower case, UPPER case or a mixture of the two, whichever, will work, they are usually written in UPPER case as this makes them stand out from the rest of the document.
XHTML stands for Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, this is a combination of HTML and XML, it is a stricter cleaner version of HTML, new browsers support XHTML. It uses the same principals as HTML yet a more dynamic website. XML was designed to describe data and HTML was designed to display data. Some webpages like PDA's and phones struggle with some websites which is why XHTML was created to help with problems like this.
XHTML are case sensitive, these MUST be out in lowercase for it to work, they must always be closed and properly nested.
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